Composition of matter



@ct. i, 1929..

A. c. FISCHER COMPOSITION OF'MATTER Filed Jan. 25, I926 product, and it so happens that in the present Patented Oct. l, 1929 nnrren stares ALBERT C. FISCHER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILIP CAREY I FACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATIONOF OHIO' COMPOSITION or MATTER Application filed January 25, 1926. Serial No. 83,558.

My present invention relates in general to mastic or the like materials or compositions for use primarily i i-masonry and concrete constructions, such as, roadways, pavements,

5 Walls, floors, and in any other structure where the effects of expansion and contraction and other existing conditions of a destructive nature are to be accounted for. The composition of the material may also be .advantageously used for floor coverings, insulating purposes, packings, and in fact in any place that the specifications may call for a material of this class. i

While the above explains the general uses to which the composition may be put, and without confining the scope of the invention to any 7 special use, I have elected to describe the salient features of'the composition in connection with roadways constructed of concrete, bricks, paving blocks and the like, and with which it is adapted to be'used as either a poured or preformed joint between sections or between the curbing and the roadway, to

provide a strip having the inherent quali ties of a compressible waterproofing filler. These joints are known to the trade as expansion joints, and I have discovered that the best results can be obtained by using a compressible binding material with a filling material incorporated therewith in proportions to derive a comparatively solid yet resilient mastic composition. In this particular case I have adopted theuse of a fibrous vegetable growth as a fillin medium, consisting of relatively lon 'bla es having closely matted fibres exten ing continuously the length of the blade, and pliable and tough in structure. u

The use of a fibrous material of this nature adds many-desirable qualities to the finished instancethe material which I prefer to use is available in large quantities at an attrac tive cost price, and in localities where other materials that could be used as a substitute are not available on a competing basis.

' As apreferred material I have selected that species of plant specified as Y ucoa glauaa, or other species of Yucca or even species of Nolina. Ihave selected I ueca glaaca as the preferred material since this particular species is available imthe desired quantities, whereas the species of Nolina and other speciesof Yucca are not as commonplace. If they are available, however, they will serve the purpose just as well.

Yucca glauca is commonly called soapweed or bear grass, and in this connection I might state that these names are common names'of several species of plants which technically are not of the Yucca species, but so far as trunk, as would be the case in other species of Yucca.

MANU- .The Yucca gla wcd blades, or leaves as they may be called, are usually about two feet long and one quarter inch wide. Thetexture on the outside'is smooth, filaments on the margin andverytough and pointed on the end. All of these: characteristics make the use of this plant highly desirable for realizing a strong resilient filler for thepurpose described, and owing to the smooth film or skin on the surface only a small degree of precaution, if any,

is required to; exclude penetration of the binding material with which the filler is in- .corporated.

In this connection I might add that ordinarily I would prefer to incorporate the'filling medium inthe binding material in an unpenetrated state, 'so as not to destroy the natural supple and resilientqualities of the material.

To more clearly explain the advantages of this class of filling material I will refer to the illustration in the accompanying drawing,in which Fig. 1 is a view in elevation of a blade. or leaf'of the Yucca girl/1mm. Fig. 21s a similar view of a blade flattened out. Fig. 3 is a similar view-with the end shredded to show the formation of the fibres. Fig; 4 is a per spective view of the end ortion of an expan-' sion joint, showing the ormation of th i corporated blades in a compressible binder,

preferably blown bituminous material. v Fig.

5 is a view the same as Fig, 4, butshowing the interlocking formation for the filling me- 5 dium.- Fig. Sis a similar View showing a matted or tangled formation for the filling medium. Fig. 7 is a cross section on .the line 7'-7 of Fig. 1, showing the natural curvature of the blade before it is rolled out.

In ir'educing the invent-ion to practice I would ordinarily proceed-by rolling out the Y curved blades 1 so as to flatten them as shown at 2.-. I This is not all together imev'en bejlfiirable sometimes; I simply men: tionjthe.fact-as a possibility. 1 @Shouldit so happen that the blades stand a I ,long time after being cut it would be possible I. vivify the lades, as stated, a volatile should be generally employed. so that the solution will be driven out'during the mixing stage .With the compressible binder, which .will ordinarily be applied as a hot bituminous material, or else the treatment should be otherwise conducted to avoid undue'saturation in they final stage, such for instance as rolling theblades between rollers.- This would also ac- :complish the flattening measure as previously referred to.

" shredded, as at 3, to show the condition of f the closelymatted fibres- Each of these fibres extends the length ofthe blade, or substan j Jtially so. 1 The outside skin or surface of the blades is smooth and resists penetration,

. which will help the situation in that thebindingi material will not readily penetrate .the

.- filler, and for this reason it will not. ordina- 'rily be necessary to treat the blades to prevent must be limbered up. It is, ofco'urse, understood tha'tthe saturation with the volatile as.

. above mentioned, is not defeated the outside skin, ofthe blade, .as.it can simply be left in 'the solution until the desired penetration isaccomplished. I I The blades are incorporated 3 a binder, sugh-as, bituminous material, usually blown state of desiredzplasticity at I the. time the 1 blades are incorporated ormixed. The product may be turned. out 1 in rsheet form, or as shown in Figs. 411,0. .6; as a stripe-+4. in which form it would licensed for. expansion joint.

After the-blades hare been; properly mixed ;,-YJPOrtant in every instance, in fact it may not to restore them to their naturally'pliable con- The blade '3' as shown in 3 has been I, sary. this penetration before mixing, unless they asphalt,'theasphaltbeing-heated and in awith the binding material the mixture is introduced to rollers, or otherwise formed into sheets or strips, or else'first into sheets and then cut into strips, and in passing thru the rollers the blades,,providing the rollers are properly set, may be ironed out, so to speak, so as to lie in the direction of the feed thru the rollers. Thiswould leave a segregated and laminated formation of'the blades, as shown in Fig. 4, or even overlapping formation, shown in Fi 5. In cases where the mixed material is orced throu h the rollers bypressure the blades would be tangled and more of less matted, as shown in Fig. 6. This would also depend a great deal upon the amount of blades used with a given amount of binding material. The proportions'are rather. important, especially in the case of paving joints, since they must meet standard specifications, and' for this reason my experience has taught me that about fifteen.- per cent by Weight of the blades and eightyfive per cent binding material is most acceptable. Of course, I do not confine myself to these proportions, but in any event, I will say that the maximum percentage of these blades shouldnever exceed thirty-five per cent by, weight to sixty-fiveper cent bindingmaterlal. This percentage refers particularly to an expansion joint, and of'course, is not controlling as far as concerns insu'lations,

wall coveringsete, whichthe composition may be adaptable for. V The illustration of the drawing shows what is commonlg known a'sv a preformed expansion joint. f course, I have in mind also the idea of using this composition as a filling material for pouring joints in the spaces between two sections of a roadway, or for filling cracks, or for salein cans, and 5 later molded or 'poured, or otherwise formed into sheets or-strips. a I

Since I desire to take advantage of the re inforcing-or strengthening-qualities of the elongated fibrous characteristics of these V blades I will use them in as long lengths as possible. I will not chop or. cut them up unless some special occasion makes it neces- VVhen I speak of using the blades without cutting I, of course, realize that in handlingand mixing the blades may be mutilated to a certain extent, but-this will be to such. a smalldegree that it will be of minor importance.

In some cases I may desire touse these blades as a primary filling medium in com-' bination with a"secondary"filling medium, consisting of such materials as are already known to the art. However, in any event the resultant product will comprise a mastic, or material'having like characteristic qualities, having incorporated therewith a filling medium capable of strengthening or reinforc ing the composition without destroying the compressible or resilient features of the com- I of January,1926.

position, and at the same time adding bulk Without increasing the Weight of the product to an undesirable degree.

I claim:

1. A paving joint, constructed of a single compressible layer of bituminous material of sufiicient thickness to form a complete joint and having homogeneously incorporated therein the grass-like blades of a species of Yucca plant.

2. A paving joint, constructed of a single compressible layer of bituminous material of sufiicient thickness to form a complete joint and having homogeneously incorporated therein grass-like blades of the Yucca glauca plant. I A

3. A paving joint, constructed of a single compressible layer of bituminous material of suflicient thickness to form a complete joint and having homogeneously incorporated therein relatively long and strong vegetable blades having smooth skins covering closely matted fibers extending the length of the blades-and in parallel relation.

4. Oonstructional material consisting of a homogeneous mixture of bituminous binder and grassdike blades of a species of the Yucca plant.

5. Gonstructional material consisting of a homogeneous mixture of bituminous binder, a primary filling of a specieso f the Yucca plant, and a secondar filling medium.

6. Anexpansion'joint consisting of a homogeneous mixture of bituminous binder, a

primary filling of grass-like blades. of a species of the-Yucca plant, imgmedium. i

and a secondaryfill Illinois this 22nd day 0. FISCHER.

igned at Chicago,

ALBERT 

